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The cantons of France are territorial subdivisions of the French Republic's 342 arrondissements and 101 departments. Apart from their role as organizational units in certain aspects of the administration of public services and justice, the chief purpose of the cantons today is to serve as constituencies for the election of the members of the representative assembly (General Council) in each department. For this reason, such elections are known in France as "cantonal elections". There are currently 2,054 cantons in France.〔(INSEE ), Populations légales 2012 des cantons - découpage 2015〕 Most of them group together a number of communes (the lowest administrative division of the French Republic), although larger communes may comprise a number of cantons, since the cantons are intended to be roughly equal in size of population – unlike the communes which range in size from more than two million inhabitants (Paris) to just one person (Rochefourchat). == Role and administration == The role of the ''canton'' is, essentially, to provide a framework for departmental elections. Each ''canton'' elects a person to represent it at the ''conseil général du département'' – or general council for the ''department'', which is the principal administrative division of the French Republic. In urban areas, a single ''commune'' generally includes several ''cantons''. Conversely, in rural areas, a ''canton'' may comprise several smaller ''communes''. In the latter case, administrative services, the ''gendarmerie'' headquarters for example, are often situated in the principal town (''chef-lieu'') of the ''canton'', although there are exceptions, such as ''cantons'' Gaillon-Campagne and Sarreguemines-Campagne, which have in common a "chief-town" which does not belong to either ''canton''. For statistical (INSEE) purposes, the twenty arrondissements of Paris – the administrative subdivisions of that city – are sometimes considered ''cantons'', but they serve no greater electoral function. ''Cantons'' also form legal districts, as seats of ''Tribunaux d'instance'' or "Courts of First Instance" (also, "''TI''"...). Historically, the ''cantons'' are called ''justices de paix'' or "district courts". 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Cantons of France」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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